Successor States of Bahmani Kingdom

 After the disintegration of the Bahmani Kingdom (founded by Hasan Gangu Bahmani - a general of Delhi Sultanate in 1347 - Tughlaq rule) in the 16th century, several successor states emerged in the Deccan region of South India. These successor states included:

1.      1. The Adil Shahi Sultanate of Bijapur: Founded by Yusuf Adil Shah, a former Bahmani general, this state was based in Bijapur and lasted from 1490 to 1686. It was known for its architectural marvels such as the Gol Gumbaz, Ibrahim Rauza, and the Jumma Masjid.
2.      The Qutb Shahi Sultanate of Golconda: Founded by Sultan Quli Qutb Shah, a former governor of Telangana under the Bahmanis, this state was based in Golconda and lasted from 1518 to 1687. It was known for its diamond mines, rich cultural heritage, and monuments such as the Charminar, Mecca Masjid, and the Golconda Fort.
3.      The Barid Shahi Sultanate of Bidar: Founded by Amir Barid, a former Bahmani governor of Bidar, this state was based in Bidar and lasted from 1492 to 1619. It was known for its fine architecture and patronage of the arts, especially music.
4.      The Nizam Shahi Sultanate of Ahmednagar: Founded by Malik Ahmed Nizam Shah, a former Bahmani governor of Junnar, this state was based in Ahmednagar and lasted from 1490 to 1636. It was known for its military strength and resistance against the Mughal Empire.
5.      The Berar Sultanate: Founded by Fathullah Imad-ul-Mulk, a former Bahmani governor of Berar, this state was based in Ellichpur and lasted from 1490 to 1574. It was known for its strategic location and military power.

These successor states continued the legacy of the Bahmani Kingdom in terms of their cultural diversity, architecture, and political structures, but also had their own unique characteristics and contributions to the history of the Deccan region.

 Bostan

The author of Bostan (The Orchard) is the Persian poet and mystic Saadi Shirazi. Saadi was born in Shiraz, Iran, in the 13th century and is considered one of the greatest poets in Persian literature. Bostan is a collection of poems and stories that cover a wide range of topics, including moral and ethical issues, social commentary, and political satire. The book is written in a simple and straightforward style and is often used as a teaching tool for children and young adults in Iran and other Persian-speaking countries. Saadi's other famous work is Gulistan (The Rose Garden), which is also a collection of poems and stories that provide moral guidance and wisdom.

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Side Reference

Sher Shah Suri, as Farid Khan, had studied Dabistan and Bostan at Jaunpur. His mastery of these two books made him eligible to seek employment with Bengal Administration. 

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Source

Generated with the help of ChatGPT and additional note based on the reading of the blogger.

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Catalogue of books written by Sumir Sharma on Amazon 

 Catalogue of books written by Sumir Sharma on Google Playbooks

YouTube Channel of Sumir Sharma

Bheel Corps

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Bheeln(Bhil) Corps was raised by James Outram. It was raised in 1827 in Khandesh. It was a part of a policy of Governor Elphinstone.

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Special Note: The nationalist historians make too much efforts to declare invader an invader. There are many such actions undertaken by invaders which could be a lesson for present to find solution to many problems. Alas, Indian Historiography lacks too much. There are strong biases, constraints and pressures which are hampering in its growth.

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Sultan Nizam Shah

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Sultan Nizam Shah was the founder of the Nizam Shahi dynasty of Ahmadnagar. His actual name was Malik Ahmad. He was governor of Junar under Bahmani Kingdom. He established his independent rule in 1490 and founded Nizam Shahi dynasty.

Ahmednagar Kingdom was one of the five independent kingdoms which came up after the end of Bahmani Kingdom.

The other four dynasties were Adil Shahi dynasty at Bijapur, Imadshahi dyansty of Berar, Qutubshahi dynasty of Golkonda and Barid Shahi dynasty at Bidar.

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Kingdom of Ahmadnagar
Cultural Archaeology of Ahmadnagar During Nizam Shai Period, 1494-1632

Memoirs of Chand Bibi,: The princess of Ahmadnagar (Nawab Lutf un-Dawlah Memorial Series)

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Yusuf Adil Shah

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Yusuf Adil Shah was the founder of the Adil Shahi dynasty of Bijapur. He was a Turkish Noble. The Adil Shahi dynasty was founded by him in 1489.

Bijapur was one of the five dynasties which replaced the Bahmani Kingdom.

The other four dynasties were Nizam Shahi dynasty at Ahmadnagar, Imadshahi dyansty of Berar, Qutubshahi dynasty of Golkonda and Barid Shahi dynasty at Bidar.

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HISTORY OF THE RISE OF THE MUHAMMADAN POWER IN INDIA. Volume Two: History of the Dekhan. Part One: Bahmani Kingdom of Kulbarga
The Bahmani kingdom (Short studies in Indian history)

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Bishnu Biswas

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Bishnu Biswas: Govindpur Village, Nadia District, Bengal Province, Indigo Revolt 1859-60

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The Santhals
Santhal Women: A Social Profile
Ethnobotany of Santhal Pargana
The Santhals in Historical & Social Perspectives
History of Jharkhand: Birsa Munda, History of Ranchi District, Santhal Rebellion, Rajmahal, Ramgarh Raj, Chasnala Mining Disaster

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Digambar Biswas

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Digambar Biswas: Govindpur Villagae, Nadia District, Bengal Province, Indigo Revolt 1859-1860. He with his brother Bisnu Biswas started a social boycott movement against the Indigo Planters. They adopted the policy of resistance through legal and political mobilization movement when the nationalist intellectuals were yet to define their role in national movement. The movement started just when the British government had suppressed the Uprising of 1857.

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The Insurrection of Little Selves: The Crisis of Secular-Nationalism in India
The Emergence of Hindu Nationalism in India

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Vadamyuta

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Vadamyuta was the older name of modern Badaun. It was a centre of a principality established by Gopala, a Rahstrakuta king, in the vicinity of Kanauj.

Gopala was earlier ruling at Kanauj, the actual centre of power of Bharata before Delhi became the new centre of power which was declared by Tomar king Anang Paul when he gave his throne to his maternal grand son Prithvi Raj III Chauhan.

Gopal, the Rashtrakuta King of Kanauj was defeated by the Mahmud, around 80's of eleventh century the governor of Punjab. The Punjab was a part of Ghazni under Sultan of Ghazni at that time since the days of the attack of Mahmud of Ghazni from 999 CE to 1027 CE.

Near about 1090, Gopala was defeated by Chandradeva, a gahadavala rajput who established the Gahadvala dynasty at Kanauj. After the defeat, Gopala established his rule at Vadamyuta. His descendents continued to live as the feudatory of Gahadavala dynasty of Kanauj. Finally, in 1202, Qutubudin Aibek, the slave and governor of Muhammad Ghori, defeated Lakhanpal, the last Rashtrakuta king of Vadamyuta and deputed his own slave Shamsudin, his son in law and later Sultan Shamsudin Iltutmish, as governor of Vadamyuta which was then named as Badaun. Shamsudin became the first Muslim governor of Badaun in this manner.

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Authority Referred: J. L. Mehta, The Advanced Study in the History of Medieval India.

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Advanced Study in the History of Medieval India: 1000-1526 A.D.
Medieval Indian Society and Culture (Advanced Study in the History of Medieval India, Vol. III)

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Tarikh i Firoze Shahi

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Tarik i Firoze Shahi was written by Ziauddin Barani. He is more popular as Barani. The work covers a period from 1259 to 1352. His works begins where Minhaj had ended his work. His work is rated as the finest source of early medieval India. He was contemporary of Amir Khusrau and his associate also.

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The political theory of the Delhi sultanate: Including a translation of Ziauddin Barani's Fatawa-i Jahandari, circa, 1358-9 A.D

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Tabaqat i Nasiri

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Tabaqat i Nasiri was written by Minhaj us Siraj Juzjani. It is the history of Islam in twenty three volumes. The history of Muslim rule in India starting from the description of Ghazni royal dynasties upto Balban and Sultan Nassiruddin and early days of Balban as a sultan is given in dedicated volumes. It contains details about Mongol invaders and their nature. It is written following the craft of history.

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Tabaqat-i Nasiri, ya, tarikh-i Iran va Islam
The History of India As Told By Its Own Historians - The Muhammadan Period - 2 Volumes Consisting of the Ghaznivide, Ghore and Slave Dynasties of 'Ifi, Nizami, Asir, Baizawi & Juwaini and the Ghaznivide, Ghore and Tabakat-i Nasiri of Minhaju-s Siraj

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Tarikh i Baihaqi

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Tarikh i Baihaqi was written by Abul Fazl Baihaqi who was an official of the court of Sultan Masud who succeed Sultan Mahmud to the throne of Gazni.

The later court historians (Waqia Navis) of Mughal administration had extensively quoted from the ten volumes written by Baihaqi. Unfortunately, a major part of the whole work is not available now.

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Man Bai

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Man Bai: Shah Begam wife of Nuruddin Muhammad Jahangir Padshah Gazi and mother of Prince Khusrau

Man Bai was daughter of Raja Bhagwan Dass son of Raja Bihari Mal of Amber. Man Bai was married to Nuruddin Muhammad Jahangir Padshah Gazi on February 13, 1585. She was titled Sham Begam after her marriage. Prince Khusrau, the eldest son of Jahangir was born to her. However, the first child of the couple was a daughter named Sultan un Nisa Begum. Shah Begum (Man Bai) committed suicide in 1604 when Khusrau was projected as heir apparent to Akbar and supported by Raja Man Singh, (brother of Shah Begam) and Mirza Aziz Koka, the father in law of Khusrau. The relation between son and father became strained when Prince Khusrau was projected as a candidate for throne after Akbar and became the cause of suicide of Shah Begum (Man Bai).

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Edit Report: 10/05/2015; grammar correction and notations.

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Pancha Mahayajnas

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In the Grihya Sutras, an Aryan householder is directed to five yajna (sacrifices) every day. They are as follows:

1. Brahma Yajna
2. Pitri Yajna
3. Deva Yajna
4. Bhuta Yajna
5. Atithi Yajna

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Puranas List

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There are eighteen Puranas.

The List of eighteen Puranas is as follows:

1. Brahma Purana

2. Padma Purana

3. Vaishnava Purana

4. Saiva or Vayavya Purana

5. Bhagavata Purana

6. Naradiya Purana

7. Markandeva Purana

8. Agneya Purana

9. Bhavisya or Bhavisyat Purana

10. Brahmavaivarta Purana

11. Lainga Purana

12. Varana Purana

13. Skanda Purana

14. Vamana Purana

15. Kaurma Purana

16. Matsya Purana

17. Garuda Purana

18. Brahmanda Purana
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Every Purana has five sections of topics. They are
Sarga
Prati Sarga
Vamsha
Manvantra
Vanshacharita

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Digital Sources:For brief summaries of all the Puranas by H. H. Wilson, a known Orientalist of early nineteenth century Check Vishnu Purana complete and also the complete text of Garuda Purana translated by Earnest Wood and S. V. Subrahmanyam.

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Authority Referred: R. C. Majumdar, Vidya Dhar Mahajan, R. P. Tripathi.

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